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Si

Silicon

Year Discovered

1824

Discovered By

Jöns Jakob Berzelius of Sweden

Biological Rating

Not necessary for life.

Hebei Silicon Research Electronic Materials Co., L Product Page

Description

Named for the Latin word meaning "flint," silicon is a shiny, blue-gray metallic substance. Although it appears metallic, its characteristics are more similar to non-metals. Silicon is the second-most abundant element in the Earth's crust, predominantly found as silica (SiO2). Pure silicon does not naturally occur. Like its neighbor, carbon, silicon finds extensive utility in various domains. It is a crucial component in metal alloys with aluminum, steel, copper, and nickel, and plays a significant role in silicone polymers and lubricants. Silicate compounds are integral to glass manufacturing. Pure silicon is a superior semiconductor, vital for integrated circuits and other electronic devices. Additionally, silicon functions as an insulator and is used in enamels, pottery, lasers, and solar cells, among many other applications. However, prolonged inhalation of fine silica or silicate dust poses severe health risks, potentially leading to serious lung conditions.

Biological Benefits

Silicon is critical to certain life forms. Diatoms, some sponges, and certain plants use silica (SiO2) for structural purposes. Although its necessity for humans remains undetermined, silicon may play a role in skeletal development and contribute to the structural integrity of skin and fingernails.

Role in Life Processes

While silicon has no known benefits in life processes, it provides some medical advantages.

Sources

Silicon is found in hundreds of minerals, including quartz—the second most common mineral on Earth. Primarily, silicon is extracted from quartz, a process not much more complex than scooping sand. Additionally, silicon is sourced from minerals such as mica and talc.

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