Why are some hot dog buns cut on top?

Regional bread roll

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New England&#;style hot dog buns, also often known as New England hot dog buns[1] or top-loading hot dog buns,[1][2] are the hot dog buns most commonly used in the United States region of New England and its cuisine. They may also be called split-top, top-sliced, frankfurter rolls, or frankfurt rolls.[3]

History

This style of roll or bun was developed in the s by Howard Johnson's, who approached the Maine bakery J. J. Nissen in search of a bun for its fried clam strip sandwich. According to The Boston Globe, the "restaurant chain wanted top sliced rolls that would stand upright and be easier to prepare, serve, and eat."[2] Outside of New England, they are associated with clam rolls and lobster rolls, dishes iconic to New England cuisine.

The New England&#;style bun predates the hot dog bun found almost everywhere else in the United States by at least several years. Before the invention of the New England bun, commercial bakers would slice rolls all the way through.[2]

Today, this style of bun is prevalent in New England, with small and large grocery stores stocking at least several competing brands, and the hot dog bun typical of the rest of the United States (also called a "side-loading" bun) offered right alongside.[4]

Overview

In New England, hot dogs, clam rolls, lobster rolls, and the buns that accompany them are often associated with the summer months and coastal villages, where clam shacks and lobstering are common.[2][4] Some recipes for these dishes explicitly require the use of a New England&#;style bun.[5][6]

The rolls are baked very close together, keeping the sides soft, much like sliced bread. This makes them amenable to buttering, toasting and grilling.[1][2]

Grocers in localities with significant tourism from New Englanders, such as some markets in Florida, will sell New England&#;style buns to satisfy visitors.[2]

Outside the US

The Norwegian retail chain Coop introduced top-loading hot dog buns in , arguing that the buns helped to keep the hot dog and its toppings upright. Even though Norway has a significant hot dog market, with approximately 500 million hot dogs sold annually in a country of 5 million people, top-loading hot dog buns failed to make significant inroads into the Norwegian market. Only four years after being introduced they were discontinued following negative feedback from customers. [7]

References

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Marketplace reader and listener Susan Lund from Washington, D.C., asked: 

Why are some hot dog buns split on the top and some split on the side? I grew up in New England and ate a lot of hot dogs. The bun was always split on the top. I was surprised to learn later in life that not all hot dog buns are split this way. Why? Splitting a bun on the side seems to defeat the purpose of keeping the toppings on the top.

The hot dog &#; despite its humble quality or, perhaps, because of it &#;  has inspired some of the great philosophical inquiries of our time, puzzling experts and instigating vigorous debate. 

Does ketchup belong on a hot dog? Is a hot dog a sandwich? 

The simple oblong American hot dog, infinitely customizable, allows us to project onto it our personal tastes, our customs, our hometown pride. Condiments, the type of sausage link and, yes, even the way the bun is sliced, have all been subject to regional influences. 

You can typically find side-sliced hot dog buns at grocery stores around the country, where they&#;re spliced nearly all the way through, with a &#;hinge&#; keeping both sides connected. 

But top-sliced buns &#; also known as New England-style or frankfurter buns &#; are cut vertically, from the top of the bun (as the name would imply). 

The top-sliced bun tends to have greater structural integrity than its side-sliced counterpart, enabling consumers to load it up with toppings, and its features are rectangular, rather than tubular.

There&#;s no agreement on what the first hot dog (including its bun) looked like, with the only written evidence about it in various newspaper accounts, according to Bruce Kraig, food historian and author of the book &#;Hot Dog: A Global History.&#; Kraig noted the earliest written record is from Coney Island in the s. &#;There&#;s no telling; it could have been a regular white bread bun,&#; he said. 

Hot dog buns that are top-sliced can be traced to a chef at the former restaurant chain Howard Johnson&#;s who, in the s, asked the Maine bakery J.J. Nissen to develop a bun for its fried clam strip sandwich. 

Michael Cornelis, vice president of American Pan, told The Boston Globe that prior to the advent of New England&#;style rolls, commercial bakers used to slice buns all the way through. The side-sliced hot dog and hamburger buns many Americans are familiar with today originated sometime in the mid-&#;50s with the invention of the mechanical side slicer.

Reached by Marketplace this week, Cornelis said that if you take stock of the type of hot dog consumed at carnivals, fairs, ball games and hot dog-eating contests, most appear to be side-sliced. Cornelis presented some possible reasons for the side-sliced&#;s dominance: For one, he said, the New England variety may be a little &#;bready&#; for some people. 

&#;And I would think, as a producer, the side slice is more cost-efficient. It&#;s an easier bun to produce. It&#;s probably less waste, a little less dough,&#; Cornelis said. 

The well-known brand Wonder sells both variations of buns. Wonder Classic Hot Dog Buns &#; which are side-split &#; account for 97% of total hot dog bun sales, according to Ashley Smith, the company&#;s brand manager.  

&#;Sales of Wonder Top-Sliced Frankfurter Buns &#; are focused in the Northeast region of the country, where people have a different bun perspective,&#; Smith said via . &#;The buns are baked in Maine and are not just used for hot dogs, but also for the area&#;s popular lobster rolls.&#; 

Kraig said he thinks hot dogs spur so much conversation by virtue of being deeply embedded in American culture. 

&#;For example, coneys in Detroit are distinctly Detroit or Southeast Michigan. And it&#;s their thing,&#; Kraig said. &#;Chicago hotdogs are distinctly their own thing, and Chicagoans fight about it and argue about it.&#;

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