Frequently asked questions about biodegradable mulching

Frequently Asked Questions about Biodegradable Mulching

1. What is biodegradable mulch?

Biodegradable mulch refers to plastic films that can break down through the action of microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, or algae. The degradation process yields carbon dioxide, water, inorganic compounds, and biomass, contributing to soil health rather than contamination. It’s crucial to differentiate biodegradable mulch from oxo-degradable plastics, which can fragment into microplastics and pollute the soil.

2. Why use biodegradable mulching?

Increasing environmental awareness has spurred demand for eco-friendly options such as biodegradable mulch. These materials break down into organic matter, reducing environmental impact. They also offer several agricultural benefits by enhancing soil health and crop yield.

Advantages of biodegradable mulching:

• Prevents weed growth
• Enhances soil moisture retention
• Improves soil bed structure
• Reduces the need for frequent watering
• Decreases fertilizer usage
• Controls soil temperature
• Helps manage pests
• Eliminates plastic waste post-harvest
• Avoids soil contamination
• Preserves soil nutrients
• Contains no heavy metals
• Easy to install without special machinery

Disadvantages of biodegradable mulching:

• Higher initial cost compared to conventional plastics
• More sensitive to climate and soil conditions
• Degradation starts in buried parts but is slower in exposed areas
• May degrade quicker than expected depending on thickness

Despite these downsides, biodegradable mulch is popular for growing a variety of crops, including peppers, tomatoes, zucchinis, and melons. Particularly innovative types, like black micro-perforated mulches for asparagus, offer specific advantages for different plants.

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3. How to select the type of plastic mulch?

Selecting the right type of biodegradable plastic mulch involves ensuring it meets the EN 17033:2018 standard or is certified as OK Biodegradable Soil. The appropriate choice will depend on factors such as soil type, crop type, and regional climatic conditions. Always consult studies and your distributor to make an informed decision.

4. How should the soil be prepared for biodegradable mulch?

Proper soil preparation is key for optimal performance of biodegradable mulch. Remove any sharp objects or stones that could damage the film. Ensure soil moisture is adequate and avoid applying mulch immediately after organic fertilizers to prevent premature degradation.

5. How to install biodegradable mulching?

Installing biodegradable mulch follows standard procedures similar to conventional mulch. However, reduce film tension and machine speed to avoid tearing the mulch. Also, lay irrigation tapes in trenches to prevent direct contact with the film, which could cause burning.

6. When to start planting?

Plant immediately after placing the biodegradable mulch to maximize benefits. Avoid delays longer than four days to prevent premature degradation by solar radiation. Note that water consumption remains the same as with conventional mulch.

7. How to store biodegradable mulching?

Store biodegradable mulch in a dry, shaded place away from heat sources. Keep it in its original packaging to maintain its integrity. Ideally, use it within the same crop season to ensure its quality and performance.

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