Which EVs come with a heat pump?

Many of today's electric vehicles (EVs) come equipped with heat pumps, which are instrumental in helping these vehicles perform more efficiently in colder weather. Among the handful of brands that have incorporated heat pumps into their EVs are Tesla, Jaguar, BMW, Hyundai, Audi, and Kia. Teslas have been utilizing a proprietary heat pump technology since 2021, providing better battery performance and range in freezing temperatures.

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3 Reasons to Buy an EV With a Heat Pump

Cold weather poses significant challenges for electric vehicles. As temperatures drop, so does the range of these vehicles. However, some EVs have an edge in winter conditions due to their use of heat pumps, which are far more efficient than traditional resistive heaters.

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The massive lithium-ion batteries in EVs work well when temperatures are moderate, but cold weather slows the lithium ions, making batteries less efficient and reducing their range. While gas-powered cars use the waste heat from their engines to warm the cabin, EVs, which produce minimal waste heat, must rely heavily on their batteries. This makes heat pumps particularly valuable.

Heat Pumps Preserve Range in Cold Weather

Range-conscious EV drivers benefit significantly from heat pumps because they provide an efficient way to warm the cabin by moving heat from the outside air into the car, similar to how a refrigerator operates in reverse. A study by Move Electric found that EVs with resistive heating experienced a 33.6% reduction in range on average in cold weather, whereas those with heat pumps saw only a 25.4% reduction.

Heat Pumps Can Precondition the Cabin Before You Leave Home

One of the advantages of EVs is the ability to precondition the cabin. By setting a departure time via the infotainment system or a smartphone app, drivers can ensure a warm car on a cold morning. Heat pumps make this preconditioning process more efficient, conserving battery power for driving. Preconditioning while the car is plugged in means leaving home with both a warm cabin and a full charge.

Heat Pumps Can Speed Up Charging

EV batteries charge more efficiently when the ambient temperature is between 60 and 95 degrees Fahrenheit. In colder climates, it helps to preheat the battery before charging. Many EVs have settings to start this process on the way to a charger. Vehicles with heat pumps can warm the battery using the same efficient method they use to heat the cabin, reducing the drain on the battery and ensuring better range.

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